Sjogren’s Syndrome - There is hope - an oasis in the dry desert

Abstract

Sjogren’s Syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of exocrine glands, primarily affecting middle-aged and elderly women. Despite its prevalence, there is often a delay in diagnosis and treatment dueto its heterogeneous clinical presentation. The pathogenesis involves genetic, environmental, and immunological factors, with lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands and autoantibodies playing crucial roles. Clinical manifestations include hallmark symptoms such as xerostomia and kerato conjunctivitis sicca, along with potential systemic involvement including articular, pulmonary, cutaneous, and neurological issues. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach tailored to individual disease manifestations, encompassing symptomatic treatment for glandular symptoms and systemic immunosuppressive therapy for severe cases. This article underscores the need for a high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, and comprehensive management to improve patient outcomes, highlighting World Sjogren’s Day as a call to enhance awareness and support for SS patients.