Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on Innovation in Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
Keywords:
Patents, Drug-development, Evergreening, Generic Drugs, Legal challenges
Abstract
The paper discusses how intellectual property rights have influenced innovation in the pharmaceutical industries in India. The research puts an effort to analyse the policies presently upheld regarding IPRs and their implications to find out the impact of these policies on the processes leading to the development of new pharmaceutical products and technologies. This study is based on qualitative data attained from interviews conducted with 12 key stakeholders: in-depth interviews with pharmaceutical researchers, legal experts, and government officials. The findings veer sharply between positive and negative impacts of IPR on innovation, while generally reverberating the acclaimed dual role of IPR: to incentive research and development by protecting the investment of the creator or innovator, and to hinder accessibility and affordability, especially access to vital medicines. It finally concludes with recommendations for balancing IPR enforcement with accessible health imperatives by suggesting policy changes that give a more innovation-friendly face to the pharmaceutical sector in India.
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25. The Impact of Patents on Innovation, Technology Transfer and Health: A Pre- and Post-TRIPs Analysis of India’s Pharmaceutical Industry: New Political Economy: Vol 19, No 3 [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jul 31]. Available from:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563467.2013.796446
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28. Guennif S, Chaisse J. Present Stakes around Patent Political Economy: Legal and Economic Lessons from the Pharmaceutical Patent Rights in India. Asian J WTO Int Health Law Policy. 2007;2:65.
29. Chaturvedi K, Chataway J. Strategic integration of knowledge in Indian pharmaceutical firms. Int J Bus Innov Res. 2006 Jan 1;1.
30. (PDF) Status and Challenges of Intellectual Property Rights in Agriculture Innovation in India (2015) | Vikas Kumar | 7 Citations [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jul 31]. Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/status-and-challenges-of-intellectual-property-rights-in-27xzcnn865?
utm_source=chatgpt
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32. Does intellectual property laws in India and China encourage innovation [Internet]. Vol. 4. 2008 [cited 2024 Jul 31]. p. 82–8. Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/does-intellectual-property-laws-in-india-and-china-encourage-546qn22051
2. Bindusha H, Tare H. Challenges faced by the Indian Pharmaceutical Companies in protecting various forms of Intellectual Property Rights. Int J Health Sci. 2022 Jul 22;
3. Pharmaceutical patents: Cathartic or inhibiting - Jha - The Journal of World Intellectual Property - Wiley Online Library [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jul 28]. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jwip.12312
4. One product, many patents: Imperfect intellectual property rights in the pharmaceutical industry. Soc Sci Res Netw [Internet]. 2020 Dec 31 [cited 2024 Jul 28]; Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/one-product-many-patents-imperfect-intellectual-property-4b7xi3gvoo
5. Nölke A. Intellectual Property Rights: Global Commons for Vaccines or Private Property? In: Nölke A, editor. Post-Corona Capitalism: The Alternatives Ahead [Internet]. Policy Press; 2022 [cited 2024 Jul 28]. p. 0. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529219425.003.0021
6. Xu Z, Chen W. Research on the pharmaceutical intellectual property protection and supervision of pharmacy administration. Pak J Pharm Sci [Internet]. 2017 May 1 [cited 2024 Jul 28]; Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Research-on-the-pharmaceutical-
intellectual-and-of-Xu-Chen/6caab48a07b2910e6bb2ed7a5b50ffb58298cf0e
7. Cai J, Zhao H, Coyte P. The Effect of Intellectual Property Rights Protection on the International Competitiveness of the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry in China. Eng Econ. 2018 Feb 28;29.
8. Pandey E, Paul SB. Patent implications in the pharmaceutical industry: Are static high prices leading to dynamic innovations? Int J Risk Saf Med. 2019;30(3):179–92.
9. Omelchenko O. Intellectual property rights in the context of biology, medicine and pharmacy: a look into the future. Theory Pract Intellect Prop. 2023 Jun 19;109–17.
10. Legal & Intellectual Property Dimension of Health & Access to Medicines in India. J Forensic Med. 2020 Jan 16;14(1):118–22.
11. Shanmugaiah K. THE IMPACT OF TRIPS AGREEMENT ON ACCESS TO MEDICINES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: LEGAL CHALLENGES FACED BY THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY PARTICULARLY IN INDIA. UUM J Leg Stud. 2012 Dec 1;3.
12. Impact of Product Patent Regime on Pharmaceutical Companies in India [Internet]. Springer, New Delhi; 2016 [cited 2024 Jul 28]. p. 277–87. Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/impact-of-product-patent-regime-on-pharmaceutical-companies-4xzrl31hpr
13. Pre TRIPS, Post TRIPS Patent Regime and the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry: An Empirical Study. Indian J Sci Technol. 2016 Mar 11;9(9):1–7.
14. Pharmaceutical Industry under the rules and regulations of WTO. Int Res J Multidiscip Stud [Internet]. 2015 Aug 24 [cited 2024 Jul 28];1(1). Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/pharmaceutical-industry-under-the-rules-and-regulations-of-2fkzi60a0e
15. The Challenges, Opportunities and Performance of the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry Post-TRIPS [Internet]. Springer, Singapore; 2019 [cited 2024 Jul 28]. p. 299–323. Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/the-challenges-opportunities-and-performance-of-the-indian-
3zcpi8lpoo
16. What determines foreign direct investment to India’s pharmaceutical sector? Intellectual property implementation versus inherent institutional strength. J World Intellect Prop. 2022 Jul 20;25(2):495–515.
17. Chandran S, Roy A, Jain L. Implications of New Patent Regime on Indian Pharmaceutical Industry: Challenges and Opportunities. J Intellect Prop Rights. 2005 Aug 1;10:269–80.
18. A Review of Patent Regimes on Health Biotechnology Innovation in India | Biotechnology Law Report [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jul 31]. Available from: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/blr.2023.29295.aa?journalCode=blr
19. Thakur–Wernz P, Wernz C. Impact of stronger intellectual property rights regime on innovation: Evidence from de alio versus de novo Indian bio-pharmaceutical firms. J Bus Res. 2022 Jan 1;138:457–73.
20. Cyber Humans and Intellectual Property Laws in India: an Interface. Int J Multidiscip Res [Internet]. 2024 Jun 8 [cited 2024 Jul 31];6(3). Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/cyber-humans-and-intellectual-property-laws-in-india-an-15wpuyv4vu
21. Maurya P, Mishra DJN, Kushwaha A, Shrivastava DrS, Mishra S. Overview of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2022 Jul 15;167–75.
22. An Overview of Intellectual Property Rights in India. Int J Adv Res Sci Commun Technol [Internet]. 2020 Aug 30 [cited 2024 Jul 31]; Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/an-overview-of-intellectual-property-rights-in-india-q2553oohsa
23. Role of Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) in Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Legislation Laws in India. Prax Int J Soc Sci Lit. 2022 Mar 29;82–8.
24. Gomase V, Kemkar K, Potnis V. Intellectual Property Rights: Protection of Biotechnological Inventions in India. Recent Pat Biotechnol. 2024;18(2):128–43.
25. The Impact of Patents on Innovation, Technology Transfer and Health: A Pre- and Post-TRIPs Analysis of India’s Pharmaceutical Industry: New Political Economy: Vol 19, No 3 [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jul 31]. Available from:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563467.2013.796446
26. Intellectual property protection, regulation and innovation in developing economies: the case of the Indian pharmaceutical industry. Innov Dev. 2011 May 4;1(1):115–33.
27. The sectoral system of innovation of Indian pharmaceutical industry. Res Pap Econ [Internet]. 2006 Sep 1 [cited 2024 Jul 31]; Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/the-sectoral-system-of-innovation-of-indian-pharmaceutical-wzmm0ecti8
28. Guennif S, Chaisse J. Present Stakes around Patent Political Economy: Legal and Economic Lessons from the Pharmaceutical Patent Rights in India. Asian J WTO Int Health Law Policy. 2007;2:65.
29. Chaturvedi K, Chataway J. Strategic integration of knowledge in Indian pharmaceutical firms. Int J Bus Innov Res. 2006 Jan 1;1.
30. (PDF) Status and Challenges of Intellectual Property Rights in Agriculture Innovation in India (2015) | Vikas Kumar | 7 Citations [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jul 31]. Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/status-and-challenges-of-intellectual-property-rights-in-27xzcnn865?
utm_source=chatgpt
31. Intellectual Property Rights and South-North Global Innovation Networks. Soc Sci Res Netw [Internet]. 2012 Nov 1 [cited 2024 Jul 31]; Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/intellectual-property-rights-and-south-north-global-100mqawgrt
32. Does intellectual property laws in India and China encourage innovation [Internet]. Vol. 4. 2008 [cited 2024 Jul 31]. p. 82–8. Available from: https://typeset.io/papers/does-intellectual-property-laws-in-india-and-china-encourage-546qn22051
Published
2024-11-16
How to Cite
Harsh Nayak, & Dr. Dhananjay Mankar. (2024). Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on Innovation in Indian Pharmaceutical Industry. The Indian Practitioner, 77(10), 18-24. Retrieved from https://articles.theindianpractitioner.com/index.php/tip/article/view/1800
Section
Review article
