Aetiology, Incidence & Pattern of Maxillofacial Trauma in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India: A retrospective analysis of 104 patients
Keywords:
Maxillofacial Trauma, Road traffic accidents, incidence, facial injury
Abstract
The incidence of maxillofacial fractures varies widely between different countries. The large variability in reported incidence and aetiology is due to a variety of contributing factors, including environmental, cultural and socioeconomic factors. This retrospective report presents a study, investigating the aetiology and incidence of patients with maxillofacial fractures in Navi Mumbai over a period of 6 months. The study population consisted of 91 males and 13 females with a mean age of 35.9 years. The age group 20-40 years accounted for the largest subgroup in both genders. The most common cause of the fractures was traffic related, followed by violence. There were mainly mandibularand zygomatic bone fractures in both males and females, accounting for approximately 80% of all fractures. The main fracture site of the mandible was the parasymphysis. In fractures of the midface, zygomatic bone fractures were most common. In conclusion, this report provides important data for any action plans for injury prevention. This data provides important insights into the etiologies of maxillofacial fractures in Navi Mumbai, India. The observation derived from the data would be beneficial to government agencies in their efforts to improve road safety.
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2. Saeed Ashraf Cheema, Farhat Amin. Incidence and causes of maxillofacial skeletal injuries at the Mayo Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2006; 44:232- 34
3. Subhashraj K, Ramkumar S, Ravindran C. Pattern of Mandibular fractures in Chennai, India. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2008; 46:126-12
4. Naik BK, Paul G. Incidence and aetiology of fractures of facio maxillary skeleton in Trivandrum. A retrospective study. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 1986; 24:40-44
5. Abiose BO. Maxillofacial skeletal injuries in Western States of Nigeria. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 1986; 19:300-304
6. Khalil AF, Shaladi OA. Fractures of the facial bone in eastern region of Libya. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 1981; 19:300-304
7. Adeloye A, Al Kuoka N, Senabatya Lula GC. Patterns of acute head injury in Kuwait. African Medical Journal 1996; 73:253-258
8. Hill CM, Eppley BL, Thomas DE, Bond SES’s Etiology and Prevention of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma. In Booth PW, Eppley BL, Schmelzeisen Reds Maxillofacial Trauma and Esthetic Facial Reconstruction. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier India; 2009:4
9. Naxalite-Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Naxalite 10. Lee K (2012) Global trends in maxillofacial fractures. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 5:213–222
11. Van den Bergh B, Karagozoglu KH, Heymans MW, Forouzanfar T (2011) Aetiology and incidence of maxillofacial trauma in Amsterdam: a retrospective analysis of 579 patients. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg 40:e165–e169
12. Adeyemo WL, Ladeinde AL, Ogunlewe MO, James O (2005) Trends and characteristics of oral and maxillofacial injuries in Nigeria: a review of the literature. Head Face Med 1:7
13. Odusanya SA (1985) Maxillofacial fractures in southwestern Nigeria (1976–1981). Odonto-Stomatol Trop 8:153–155
14. Oginni FO, Ugboko VI, Odusanya SA (2009) Changing pattern of maxillofacial fractures in a suburban Nigerian teaching hospital. Niger Postgrad Med J 16:54–58
15. Ugboko VI, Odusanya SA, Fagade OO (1998) Maxillofacial fractures in a semi-urban Nigerian teaching hospital. A review of 442 cases.Int J Oral MaxillofacSurg 27:286–289
16. State Population by the National Population Commission. Available on http://www.population. gov.ng/index.php/statepopulation. Accessed 23 Mar 2015
17. Adebayo AA (2013) Youths’ unemployment and crime in Nigeria: a nexus and implications for national development. Int J SociolAnthropol 5:350–357
18. Oginni FO, Ajike SO, Obuekwe ON, Fasola O (2009) A prospective multicenter study of injury profile, severity and risk factors in 221 motorcycle-injured Nigerian maxillofacial patients. Traffic InjPrev 10:70– 75
19. Ogundipe KO, Afolabi AO, Adebayo O (2012) Maxillofacial fractures in Owo, south western Nigeria. A 4-year retrospective review of pattern and treatment outcome. Dentistry 2:132–134
20. Okoturo EM, Arotiba GT, Akinwande JA, Ogunlewe MO, Gbotolorun OM, Obiechina AE (2008) Miniplate osteosynthesis of mandibular fractures at the Lagos university teaching hospital. Niger Q J
Hosp Med 18:45–49
21. Owotade FJ, Fatusi OA, Ojo MA (2004) Call hour maxillofacial emergencies presenting to a Nigerian teaching hospital. Afr J Oral Health 1:17–24
22. Batista AM, de Ferreira FO, Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Ferreira MC (2012) Risk factors associated with facial fractures. Braz Oral Res 26:119–125
23. Nigerian Communication Commission: Statistics of monthly subscriber
24. Oginni FO, Ugboko VI, Ogundipe O, Adegbehingbe BO (2006) Motorcycle-related maxillofacial injuries among nigerianintracity road users. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 64:56–62
25. National Bureau of Statistics: statistical news: labour force statistics. The NBS Publication 2010
26. National Bureau of Statistics: social statistics in nigeria. The NBS Publication 2009
27. Awogbenle AC, Iwuamadi KC (2010) Youth unemployment entrepreneurship development programme as an intervention mechanism. Afr J Bus Manag 4:831–835
28. Okafor EE (2011) Youth unemployment and implication for stability of democracy in nigeria. J Sustain Dev Afr 13:358–373
29. Oginni FO (2008) Causes of road traffic accidents in developing countries. In: Bartley GP (ed) Traffic accidents: causes and outcomes. NOVA, New York, pp 225–260
30. Cox D, Drake G, Vincent MD, McGwin G, MacLennan PA, Holmes JD,Rue LW (2004) Effect of restraint systems on maxillofacial injury in frontal motor vehicle collisions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 62:571–575
31. Olasoji HO, Tahir A, Arotiba GT (2002) Changing picture of facial fractures in northern Nigeria. Brit J Oral Maxillofac Surg 40:140–143
32. Richter M, Otte D, Lehmann U, Chinn B, Schuller E, Doyle D, Sturrock K, Krettek C (2001) Head injury mechanism in helmet-protected motorcyclists: a prospective multicenter study. J Trauma 51:949–958
33. Fasola AO, Lawoyin JO, Obiechina AE, Arotiba JT (2003) Inner city maxillofacial fractures due to road traffic accidents. Dent Traumatol 19:2–5
Published
2019-07-08
How to Cite
S Joshi, Mazumdar S, Avadhani V, Garad A, Naik C, Chablani D. (2019). Aetiology, Incidence & Pattern of Maxillofacial Trauma in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India: A retrospective analysis of 104 patients. The Indian Practitioner, 69(12), 21-26. Retrieved from https://articles.theindianpractitioner.com/index.php/tip/article/view/341
Section
Original Article
