Anaemia Of Old Age - Leave no Stone Unturned
Abstract
Background: Malignant melanomas of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are usually metastatic. Primary malignant melanoma of the GI tract is rare and occurs in the anorectum and
oesophagus.
Case: We report a case of a 60-year-old female who presented with short duration of anaemia but on detailed evaluation had primary anorectal melanoma (ARM) with extensive metastasis.
Conclusion: An evaluation of short duration of anaemia led to unexpected widely metastasised anorectal melanoma. Hence anaemia presenting at old age should be evaluated in
detail including endoscopy of whole gastro-intestinal tract to rule out malignancy.
References
1) Moore WD. Recurrent melanosis of the rectum after previous removal from the verge of the anus in a managed sixty-five. Lancet. 1857; I:290-294
2) Thomson JPS, Akwari OE. Disorders of the anal canal, In Textbook of Surgery: The biological basis of Surgical practice. Philadelphia, Pa, WB Saunders, 1991, pp958-972
3) Abbas JS, Karakousis CP, Holyoke ED. Anorectal melanoma: Clinical features, recurrence and patient survival. Int Surg. 1980; 65:423-426
4) Angeras U, Jonsson N, Jonsson PE. Primary Anorectal malignant melanoma. J Surg Oncol. 1983; 22:261-264
5) Slingluff CL Jr, Vollmer RT, and Siegler HF. Anorectal melanoma: Clinical characteristics and results of surgical management in twenty four patients. Surgery. 1990;107:1-9
6) Slingluff CL Jr, Siegler HF. Anorectal melanoma: Clinical characteristics and the role of Abdominoperineal resection. Ann Plast Surg. 1992; 28:85-88
7) Miyahara M, Saito T, Sato K, et al: Primary anorectal malignant melanoma. The Jap Journal of Surg. 1992; 22:171-75
8) Wanebo HJ, Woodruff JM, Farr GH, Quan SH. Anorectal melanoma. Cancer. 1981; 47; 1891-1900
9) Braastad FW, Dockerty MB, Dixon CF: Melanoepithelioma of the anus and rectum; report of cases and review of literature. Surgery. 1949; 25:82-85
10) Siegel B, Cohen D, Jacob ET: Surgical treatment of anorectal melanomas. Am J Surg. 1983;146:336-338
11) Ross M, Pezzi C, Pezzi T, Maurer D, Hickey R, Balch C: Patterns of failure in anorectal melanoma. A guide to surgical therapy. Arch Surg. 1990; 125:313-316
12) Ward MW, Romano G, Nicholls RJ. The surgical treatment of anorectal malignant melanoma. Br J Surg. 1986; 73:68-69
13) Freedman LS: Malignant melanoma of the anorectal region: Two cases of prolonged Survival. Br J Surg. 1984; 71:164-165
14) Harwood AR, Cummings BJ. Radiotherapy for mucosal Melanomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1982; 8:1121-1126
15) Crowley NJ, Siegler HF. Possibilities of immunotherapy and gene therapy for malignant melanoma. Semin Surg Oncol. 1993; 9:273-278
16) Slingluff CL Jr, Siegler HF. Prospects for cellular immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma. Ann Plast Surg. 1992; 28:110-113
17) Slingluff CL Jr, Siegler HF. Immunotherapy for malignant melanoma with a tumor cell vaccine. Ann Plast Surg. 1992; 28:104-107
2) Thomson JPS, Akwari OE. Disorders of the anal canal, In Textbook of Surgery: The biological basis of Surgical practice. Philadelphia, Pa, WB Saunders, 1991, pp958-972
3) Abbas JS, Karakousis CP, Holyoke ED. Anorectal melanoma: Clinical features, recurrence and patient survival. Int Surg. 1980; 65:423-426
4) Angeras U, Jonsson N, Jonsson PE. Primary Anorectal malignant melanoma. J Surg Oncol. 1983; 22:261-264
5) Slingluff CL Jr, Vollmer RT, and Siegler HF. Anorectal melanoma: Clinical characteristics and results of surgical management in twenty four patients. Surgery. 1990;107:1-9
6) Slingluff CL Jr, Siegler HF. Anorectal melanoma: Clinical characteristics and the role of Abdominoperineal resection. Ann Plast Surg. 1992; 28:85-88
7) Miyahara M, Saito T, Sato K, et al: Primary anorectal malignant melanoma. The Jap Journal of Surg. 1992; 22:171-75
8) Wanebo HJ, Woodruff JM, Farr GH, Quan SH. Anorectal melanoma. Cancer. 1981; 47; 1891-1900
9) Braastad FW, Dockerty MB, Dixon CF: Melanoepithelioma of the anus and rectum; report of cases and review of literature. Surgery. 1949; 25:82-85
10) Siegel B, Cohen D, Jacob ET: Surgical treatment of anorectal melanomas. Am J Surg. 1983;146:336-338
11) Ross M, Pezzi C, Pezzi T, Maurer D, Hickey R, Balch C: Patterns of failure in anorectal melanoma. A guide to surgical therapy. Arch Surg. 1990; 125:313-316
12) Ward MW, Romano G, Nicholls RJ. The surgical treatment of anorectal malignant melanoma. Br J Surg. 1986; 73:68-69
13) Freedman LS: Malignant melanoma of the anorectal region: Two cases of prolonged Survival. Br J Surg. 1984; 71:164-165
14) Harwood AR, Cummings BJ. Radiotherapy for mucosal Melanomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1982; 8:1121-1126
15) Crowley NJ, Siegler HF. Possibilities of immunotherapy and gene therapy for malignant melanoma. Semin Surg Oncol. 1993; 9:273-278
16) Slingluff CL Jr, Siegler HF. Prospects for cellular immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma. Ann Plast Surg. 1992; 28:110-113
17) Slingluff CL Jr, Siegler HF. Immunotherapy for malignant melanoma with a tumor cell vaccine. Ann Plast Surg. 1992; 28:104-107
Published
2019-09-11
How to Cite
Dr. Parveen Malhotra, Malhotra N, Malhotra V, Chugh A, Dahiya H, Jeetender. (2019). Anaemia Of Old Age - Leave no Stone Unturned. The Indian Practitioner, 67(7), 423-427. Retrieved from https://articles.theindianpractitioner.com/index.php/tip/article/view/780
Section
Review article
