STI/STDs in adolescents: Prevalence, Consequences, Causes & Diagnosis

Abstract

The prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STDs) is rising all over the world and also in India. Due to the possible serious consequences in a substantial proportion like infertility, pelvic inflammation or life threatening diseases like ectopic gestation or cancer, it is necessary to diagnose these early and treat them adequately. Despite the agreement in all health personnel that prevention is better than cure, the STDs continue to affect a significant number of persons including young adolescents. This is disastrous in an era when anti-microbial resistance is a humongous challenge. It is therefore necessary that all physicians, whether specialists or not, become aware of the extent of prevalence, causes and methods of diagnosis of STDs so that early treatment can prevent complications. The purpose of this article is to describe the ravages of STDs in Indian adolescents, causes and to facilitate diagnosis of STDs so that the adolescent population is protected from consequences. Once detected the management can follow national and international guidelines for treatment keeping in mind counselling and prevention of spread, and prevention of complications in the youth.